Gli individui a maggior rischio di complicanze sono adulti e bambini con patologie pregresse, i residenti in strutture socio-sanitarie e di lunga degenza, gli anziani oltre i 60 anni, le donne in gravidanza e alcune categorie professionali1.
Ai pazienti con patologie croniche, tra cui diabete, ipertensione, cardiopatie, asma o BPCO la vaccinazione antinfluenzale è infatti raccomandata e offerta gratuitamente1.
Di seguito alcune delle patologie maggiormente soggette a complicanze che l’influenza può portare con sé. Per ulteriori approfondimenti, e per un elenco completo delle condizioni cliniche in cui la vaccinazione è raccomandata, è possibile consultare le raccomandazioni del Ministero della Salute al seguente link.
1. Ministero della Salute, Prevenzione e controllo dell’influenza: raccomandazioni per la stagione 2023-2024 https://www.trovanorme.salute.gov.it/norme/renderNormsanPdf?anno=2023&codLeg=93294&parte=1%20&serie=null;
2. Sandrock & Norris, Infection in Severe Asthma Exacerbations and Critical Asthma Syndrome, 2014;
3. Bekkat-Berkani et al., Seasonal influenza vaccination in patients with COPD: a systematic literature review, 2017;
4. Allard et al., Diabetes, and the severity of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection, 2010;
5. Diepersloot RJ, Bouter KP, Hoekstra JB. Diabetes Care. 1990 Aug;13(8):876-82;
6. Vamos EP, et al. Can Med Assoc J. 2016; 188: E342–51;
7. Modin et al. Diabetes Care. 2020 Sep;43(9):2226-2233;
8. Warren-Gash C, et al. Eur respir J. 2018;51(3):1701794;
9. Estabragh and Mamas, The cardiovascular manifestations of influenza: A systematic review, 2013;
10. Davidson JA, Banerjee A, Douglas I, et al. Primary prevention of acute cardiovascular events by influenza vaccination: an observational study. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(7):610-620. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac737
11. CDC, Flu & Cancer https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/cancer.htm;
12. Li et al., Influenza in hospitalised patients with malignancy: a propensity score matching analysis, 2020;
13. https://www.aiom.it/influenza-vaccine-indication-during-therapy-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-a-multicenter-prospective-observational-study-invidia-2/
14. Flu & People living with HIV https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/hiv-flu.htm;
15. Caldera et al., Influenza vaccination in immunocompromised populations: Strategies to improve immunogenicity, Vaccine 2021 Mar 15;39 Suppl 1:A15-A23;
16. Kunisaki & Janoff, Influenza in immunosuppressed populations: a review of infection frequency, morbidity, mortality, and vaccine responses, Lancet Infect Dis 2009 Aug;9(8):493-504;
17. https://pubs.asahq.org/monitor/article/86/1/24/118112/Influenza-Persists;
18. Cheney et al., Adverse Respiratory Events Infrequently Leading to Malpractice Suits A Closed Claims Analysis, 1991;
19. Liu et al., Effect of Influenza Vaccination Against Postoperative Pneumonia and Mortality for Geriatric Patients Receiving Major Surgery: A Nationwide Matched Study, J Infect Dis 2018 Feb 14;217(5):816-826;
20. Barbalho et al., What Do Influenza and COVID-19 Represent for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease?, Gastroenterology Res 2021 Feb;14(1):1-12;
21. Bower et al., Influenza outcomes in patients with inflammatory joint diseases and DMARDs: how do they compare to those of COVID-19?, Ann Rheum Dis, 2022 Mar;81(3):433-439;
22. The Lancet Reumatology Editorial, Fighting flu: the importance of vaccines in rheumatic disease https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(19)30161-4;
23. Kromer et al., Influenza Vaccination in Psoriatic Patients—Epidemiology and Patient Perceptions: A German Multicenter Study (Vac-Pso), Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Aug; 9(8): 843;
24. Flu & People with Chronic Kidney Disease https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/chronic-kidney-disease.htm;
25. Naqvi and Collins, Infectious Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease, 2006;
26. Wang IK, Lin CL, Lin PC, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccination in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis: a population-based study. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58317. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058317;
27. Raccomandazioni in tema di vaccinazioni in pazienti affetti da malattie neuromuscolari, a cura di M. Moggio et al., Associazione Italiana di Miologia (estratto da Vaccine, n. 32, pp. 5893–5900, 2014);
28. Crescimanno and Marrone, High frequency chest wall oscillation plus Mechanical In-Exsufflation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy with respiratory complications related to pandemic Influenza A/H1N1. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia, 2010, 16(6), 912–916;
29. Goldstein eta l., New CDC Recommendations: Annual Influenza Vaccination Recommended for Individuals With Spinal Cord Injuries, J Spinal Cord Med. 2005; 28(5): 383–384;
30. Atalla et al., Impact of Influenza Infection Among Adult and Pediatric Populations With Hematologic Malignancy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Clin Ther 2021 May;43(5):e66-e85;
31. Piñana JL, Pérez A, Montoro J, et al. Clinical Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Cross-sectional, Prospective, Observational Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;68(11):1894-1903. doi:10.1093/cid/ciy792;
32. Alukal et al., Vaccination in Chronic Liver Disease: An Update, 2022;
33. Härmälä S et al., Effectiveness of influenza vaccines in adults with chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open (2019) 9(9):e031070
Ultimo aggiornamento: 06/07/2023 | MAT-IT-2301542